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・ Isotrias buckwelli
・ Isotrias cuencana
・ Isotrias huemeri
・ Isotrias hybridana
・ Isotrias joannisana
・ Isotrias martelliana
・ Isotrias penedana
・ Isotrias rectifasciana
・ Isotrias stramentana
・ Isotricha intestinalis
・ Isotrilophus
・ Isotron
・ Isotropic bands
・ Isotropic coordinates
・ Isotropic etching
Isotropic formulations
・ Isotropic line
・ Isotropic manifold
・ Isotropic quadratic form
・ Isotropic radiation
・ Isotropic radiator
・ Isotropic solid
・ Isotropis
・ Isotropy
・ Isotta Brothers
・ Isotta degli Atti
・ Isotta Fraschini
・ Isotta Fraschini Asso XI
・ Isotta Fraschini D65
・ Isotta Fraschini D80


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Isotropic formulations : ウィキペディア英語版
Isotropic formulations

Isotropic formulations are thermodynamically stable microemulsions possessing lyotropic liquid crystal properties.〔Leslie FM. “Contiuum Theory for Nematic Liquid Crystals Continuum Mechanics and Thermodynamics.” 1992. 4 (3): 167 ()〕 They inhabit a state of matter and physical behaviour somewhere between conventional liquids and that of solid crystals.〔Ghosh SK. “A Model for the Orientational Order in Liquid Crystals.” Il Nuovo Cimento D 1984 4 (3): 229 ()〕 Isotropic formulations are amphiphillic, exhibiting selective synchronicity with both the water and lipid phases of the substrate to which they are applied.〔Chen C, Han D, Cai C, Tang X. “An Overview of Liposome Lyopholisation and its Future Potential Journal of Controlled Release.” 2010; 142:299-311 ()〕 Most recently, isotropic formulations have been used extensively in dermatology for drug delivery.〔Gregoriadis G. “Lipsomes in Drug Delivery.” Harwood Academic Publishers, 1993; ()〕
==Uses==

While it is well established that the skin provides an ideal site for the administration of local and systemic drugs, it presents a formidable barrier to the permeation of most substances.〔Landman L. “The Epidermal Permeability Barrier.” Anat Embryol (Berl) 1988; 178:1-13 ()〕 Isotropic formulations have been used to deliver drugs locally and systemically via the skin appendages, intercellular and transcellular routes.〔Harada K. Murakami T. Yata N et al. “Role of Intercellular Lipids in Stratum Corneum in the Percutaneous Permeation of Drugs.” J Invest Dermatol 1992; 9 99: 278-282 ()〕

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